67 pages • 2 hours read
In the present, Elaine tries again to call Ben, who doesn’t answer because he’s in Mexico. She looks through the phone book but can’t find the Campbells, Risleys, Josef Hrbik, or Cordelia. Lying in Jon’s bed reminds her of a time early in their relationship when another woman walked in and threw a bag full of spaghetti at them. Elaine hadn’t realized that the woman might have a good reason for her actions and was furious with her instead of upset with Jon.
The narrative returns to the Smeaths’ house, where Elaine is having dinner after church. She overhears Mrs. Smeath deriding Elaine’s family and calling Elaine a heathen. She knows how the other girls are treating Elaine and thinks God is punishing her. Mrs. Smeath notices Elaine listening but just smiles. Elaine pictures Mrs. Smeath’s bad heart floating in her body like an evil eye.
Elaine stops praying and singing along to the hymns. She feels like God is not on her side and can’t help her. When Grace notices she isn’t praying, she tells her to ask God for forgiveness as Grace herself does every night. Elaine is surprised because Grace never seems to feel sorry for her actions.
Elaine finds a piece of paper with a picture of the Virgin Mary on it and decides to pray to her instead. She tries to picture her and momentarily sees a face, a splash of blue, and a heart that looks similar to her red plastic purse.
Cordelia makes a snow angel. For a moment she looks to Elaine like a stranger or a victim of a traffic accident. They are late returning home and start to run. They laugh, exhilarated, until Cordelia falls. Cordelia is furious that Elaine was laughing, apparently at her; she throws Elaine’s hat off the bridge into the ravine and demands she go and get it. Elaine considers refusing but doesn’t want to have to explain to her mother why she lost her hat.
Elaine goes down into the ravine and steps into the creek, where she is swallowed by the freezing water. The other girls have run away. Elaine manages to pull herself out but feels like she might never make it home. She turns numb and sees someone on the bridge. At first she thinks Cordelia has come back for her but then realizes it must be the Virgin Mary telling her to go home.
Elaine’s mother finds her and asks if Cordelia and Grace were with her. Elaine lies. She stays home with a fever and receives a get-well card from Carol and a telephone call from Cordelia. When she returns to school, Cordelia accuses her of telling her mother what happened and says that she should be punished. Elaine stands up for herself and eventually turns around and walks away from Cordelia. She finally realizes Cordelia and the other girls’ treatment of her was a game, and as the girls follow her, she hears hatred and need in their voices.
Elaine quits Sunday school and refuses to play with the girls anymore.
Elaine recalls a period when she visited churches to look at statues of the Virgin Mary. She remembers that on a trip to Mexico she visited an empty church and sat in front of the Virgin Mary statue for a long time.
She remembers that her daughters both went through a phrase of answering “So?” to all of her questions. She hated it because Cordelia did the same thing and made her believe she was nothing.
Cordelia and Grace skip a grade. A new school is built on their side of the ravine, so they no longer walk over the footbridge on their way home. Elaine forgets much of her time as Cordelia’s friend. Eventually, the old bridge is torn down and replaced by a concrete one. Watching the bridge being taken down, Elaine feels strange, as if someone were buried underneath the bridge or left on it.
Cordelia and Grace graduate from junior high, and Elaine gets a boyfriend, skips a grade, breaks up with her boyfriend, and gets a haircut. One day she reorganizes her room and finds her cat’s eye marble, the red purse, and some dried-up horse chestnuts. She finds her old photo album but can’t remember taking the pictures inside. She hides these relics in a trunk in her parents’ basement.
The day before Elaine begins high school, Cordelia’s mother phones her mother and asks if the two girls can walk to school together. Elaine agrees, unsure why her mother is reluctant.
Elaine notices changes in Cordelia. Elaine herself feels numb and unemotional, making her feel more mature than the other girls. Cordelia’s sisters are much older now and smoke and use strange slang phrases. They leave Cordelia out and criticize her. She begins shoplifting, which makes Elaine uncomfortable. One day Cordelia steals two horror comics, and the girls read them to each other. They give Elaine nightmares, and she hides them in Stephen’s room.
Elaine’s house is different from when they first arrived: It now has a radio, record player, and stainless-steel cutlery. Elaine’s mother does ice dancing, and Elaine longs to similarly disregard what other people think. Stephen now goes to a private school. In response to their father’s concerns about the changing climate and the doom of humanity, he responds that humans are insignificant.
As an adult, Elaine knows more about her father than she did as a child, including that he wanted to be a pilot in the war. This knowledge is strange to Elaine. She thinks knowing too much about people makes them have power over you because you have to be understanding of their motivations.
Stephen tries to teach Elaine about space-time, making a Möbius strip out of paper. He tells her that if you took one identical twin and put them in a high-speed rocket for a week, they would return to find their twin 10 years older. Elaine simply thinks this would be sad. Stephen tells her that if only humans could travel fast enough, they could travel backwards in time. This finally piques her interest, as she’d like to travel to the past. She tells Cordelia about it and she laughs.
Stephen works at a summer camp and Elaine travels to the wilderness with her parents. She gets letters from Stephen and Cordelia, who are both bored. Elaine feels like she is just “marking time.”
In the present, Andrea’s article has made the front page under the headline “CROTCHETY ARTIST STILL HAS POWER TO DISTURB” (241). This makes Elaine feel old. A photo of her and two of her paintings accompanies the article. The first painting depicts Mrs. Smeath flying naked through the air with Mr. Smeath clinging to her back like a mating insect. The second shows Mrs. Smeath alone with a knife and a potato, naked above and below the waist.
Elaine feels like her interview is reduced to provocative one-liners. She hopes Cordelia will read the article and thinks of the one painting she did of Cordelia, called Half a Face. In it, half Cordelia’s face is visible and she looks afraid of Elaine. In reality, Elaine is afraid of Cordelia and afraid of being Cordelia.
After the summer, Elaine has grown. She gets her period and starts shaving her legs. This makes her feel good. At school, she is quiet and hardworking whereas Cordelia is disruptive. One day they start to make fun of Grace, calling her family the “Lump-lump family” (246). Elaine is surprised at how much Cordelia remembers about the Smeaths and at how savage their mockery becomes. They break into the cemetery and smoke cigarettes, and Elaine concocts a story about both she and Mrs. Smeath being vampires. Cordelia is suddenly uncomfortable. Elaine is happy that she seems stronger than Cordelia now.
Now in grade 11, Elaine has become feared and respected and enjoys pushing the boundaries of what is acceptable to say. Cordelia is the prime victim of Elaine’s sharp tongue: Elaine mocks boys and singers she likes and makes fun of her stupidity. At school they learn about the war, and Elaine hardly recognizes it as a time she lived through. She mostly draws during class, though she struggles to draw hands.
Elaine starts dating boys. She seems to understand them and what they want. She understands that they lash out at women out of fear of ridicule and doesn’t feel like the denigrating words they use about other women apply to her. Her parents begin to be concerned about her behavior, but she dismisses and mocks their concerns. The boys she dates are not serious, but she is entranced by their bodies: Her “love for them is visual” (257).
A girl is found dead in the ravine near Elaine’s house. Elaine long ago dismissed the specter of the bad men in the ravine but suddenly realizes they are real. The murder brings up the ghost of memories for Elaine, who remembers a doll she had once and was afraid of.
One day she and Cordelia are sitting at the dining table doing homework. Cordelia refuses to focus. Unlike Elaine, Cordelia has little success with boys. She seems to make them uneasy, as if her personality is an act. An acting troupe visits the school, and Cordelia is given a part as a serving woman in the performance of Macbeth. Although it is a small role, in her excitement she ruins the performance: She replaces a rotting cabbage wrapped in cloth, intended to hit the stage like a severed head, with a new cabbage that instead comically bounces away.
In biology, Cordelia and Elaine have to perform dissections. Elaine is adept at this and dissects Cordelia’s frogs and worms for her. Elaine starts to draw anatomical images from slides she finds at her father’s zoology building. Dr. Banerji compliments her work.
One night, Cordelia stays at Elaine’s for dinner. She finds Elaine’s father, who wants to discuss extinction, poisoned rivers, and epidemics, peculiar. Dinner at Cordelia’s is either “slapdash” when her father isn’t home or formal when he is.
Elaine dreams about boys, about being trapped in an iron lung, and about standing in front of a mirror with someone else behind her. She dreams of finding a red plastic purse hidden in a trunk with unknown treasure inside. When the trunk opens, it is instead full of dead frogs. Finally, she dreams of a head wrapped in cloth.
Cordelia tells Elaine how she used to fake being ill to get off school, once eating some mercury from a thermometer to make herself sick. She says that the reason she used to dig holes in the garden was because she wanted a space where she could be alone and away from everyone else, particularly her father. She tells Elaine that she was her only real friend. Elaine sees Cordelia’s face overlaid with her nine-year-old face and feels physically sick. When she closes her eyes, she sees darkness and purple flowers.
Elaine tries to avoid spending time with Cordelia, although she is still not sure why. Cordelia starts to fail tests at school without Elaine’s help; her appearance also starts getting messier. She eventually changes schools and her family moves away.
Elaine takes her exams and realizes that she doesn’t want to be a biologist but a painter. Cordelia phones Elaine and asks her to visit, which Elaine does. Cordelia looks unkempt and messy and eats a case of doughnuts while smoking a cigarette. Cordelia tells Elaine she isn’t planning to go to university, and Elaine tells her she has to do something with her life. Cordelia wants to talk about their childhood together, but Elaine is reluctant to look into the past. Even though it is clear Cordelia needs her help, Elaine leaves.
The moment in which Elaine overhears Mrs. Smeath precipitates the end of her identification with mainstream religion. She begins to pray to the Virgin Mary, whom she encounters for the first time on a scrap of paper as a kind of lost (or found) object. The Virgin Mary becomes an important symbol of a powerful feminine influence that runs counter to the violent and uncomfortable version of womanhood and feminine identity that Elaine has so far encountered. It becomes a tether to the real world, away from Cordelia’s cruelty, especially as the novel reaches its climax.
Elaine’s laughter when Cordelia falls signifies a reversal of their power dynamic that catalyzes Cordelia into her cruelest action yet: demanding Elaine follow her hat down into the ravine, the symbolic location of bad men and death. The bridge and the ravine evoke both The Specter of Male Violence and the Reality of Female Violence as Cordelia’s real act transcends and overwhelms the potential violence of imagined men. Drowning in the icy water, Elaine almost becomes another of the dead people of whom the children believe the water is composed. She is saved by a vision of the Virgin Mary, the new authoritative feminine voice that overwhelms Cordelia’s own. In the aftermath of her near-death experience, Elaine initially remains loyal to Cordelia and the other girls but eventually rejects Cordelia’s authority. She realizes that she has been a willing participant in the girls’ game and that without her they are desperate and helpless. As Elaine grows older, the Virgin Mary remains important to her, and she finds herself wandering into churches, seeking out the safety and protection she felt as a child. When she visits Mexico, she sits in front of the Virgin of Lost Things in the spot where visitors place their lost objects. She becomes herself a kind of lost thing, indicating the degree to which Elaine is still caught up in her past, tethered to it like the objects that bring back old memories.
As Elaine grows older, she suppresses the traumatic memories of that period of her childhood. The theme of Memory and the Passage of Time remains significant as Elaine becomes haunted by inexplicable anxieties relating to places and things that she cannot consciously connect to the time she has lost. The pace of the novel increases as Elaine enters high school, and her experiences are in many ways those of a “typical” teenager. When she reorganizes her room and finds the old photo album and the marble, the objects do not bring up any particular emotions or memories, suggesting that she might have fully moved on from the past. However, the vivid and violent dreams that begin to plague Elaine contain images and symbols—the plastic purse, the cloth wrapped cabbage, the iron lung, and the cat’s eye marble—that represent her past trauma. These dreams demonstrate that memories are resistant to the passage of time and that time itself moves in strange, looping ways, like the narrative of the novel.
By high school, the balance of power between Cordelia and Elaine has entirely shifted. Elaine becomes mean and cruel, and Cordelia is often the object of her cruelty. She has no memory of the time in which she was a victim, but it is clear that her victimization of Cordelia results directly from her own period of victimhood. Elaine’s social aggression is a self-protective strategy that reverses the need for social approbation she had as a child.
When the girl is found murdered in the ravine, Elaine feels a strange sense of recognition, seeing herself in the photos of the dead girl. The implication is that Elaine too could have ended up dead in the ravine; it is simply chance that she survived. Survival, and the means by which it can be achieved, is a key theme in this section. Elaine lashes out at her peers as a means of survival, and as Cordelia explains to Elaine, many of her strange and cruel childhood actions were her mechanism for surviving her own father’s cruelty. The novel demonstrates that cruelty breeds further cruelty but also that relationships are always complex and that individuals have complex motivations for their actions. Elaine’s father’s obsession with environmental catastrophe and natural disaster hangs over the entire novel, but in this section in particular, his discussion of war, disaster, and human extinction pairs with the theme of survival to suggest that the characters are all participating in a race for survival. For now, at least, Elaine has found a way to win.
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By Margaret Atwood