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51 pages 1 hour read

Stalking Jack the Ripper

Fiction | Novel | YA | Published in 2016

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Chapters 25-30Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 25 Summary: “A Violet from Mother’s Grave”

At Uncle Jonathan’s house, Audrey retrieves one of Smith’s old dresses, which she intends to wear as a disguise in the East End. Thomas rummages through a cupboard for clothes to dress as a man from the East End; Audrey is resentful, saying that she doesn’t need an escort; if Jack the Ripper is her father, he would not hurt her. Thomas points out that they have not proven this theory.

Thomas leaps across the room, holding a candle to Audrey’s throat, and Audrey freezes; Thomas kisses Audrey on the cheek and tells her that she should not freeze if Jack the Ripper comes at her with a knife.

When they arrive in the East End, Audrey feels emotional; she sees the sex workers and contemplates the difficulties faced by women who do not have a family to support them. Suddenly, a man with a knife accosts Thomas; a body at the cemetery Thomas had thought was unclaimed had actually been this man’s wife, and he had not given his permission for Thomas to operate on her. Audrey stomps on the man’s foot, and Thomas and Audrey manage to escape. Afterward, they kiss passionately. Thomas assures Audrey that he had permission to operate on all the bodies he has taken from the cemetery. As they leave the East End, Audrey sees her father’s carriage.

Chapter 26 Summary: “Black Mary”

Thomas and Audrey see two figures in a lit window of a lodging house, one of whom looks like Audrey’s father. Thomas and Audrey wait outside until two figures emerge: Lord Wadsworth and a woman. Lord Wadsworth gets into his carriage alone and leaves. The woman walks in the other direction, singing drunkenly. Audrey and Thomas follow Lord Wadsworth’s carriage.

At Uncle Jonathan’s the next day, Audrey and Thomas are shocked to read that a woman was killed the night before; Audrey suspects her father and wonders how he slipped away when they had been careful to follow him home.

Just as Audrey reflects that she is attracted to Thomas, Uncle Jonathan bursts in, covered in blood. He leads a group of people, who bring in the mutilated body of the most recent murder victim; Audrey vomits.

She returns to the laboratory, and the three study the body, recording notes and removing samples. The woman’s heart is missing, just as Uncle Jonathan predicted. He suggests that it was removed for transplant to another body.

Thomas tries to discourage her, but Audrey resolves that she will confront her father that evening.

Chapter 27 Summary: “A Portrait Worth Considering”

Audrey enters the dining room to confront her father but finds only a footman inside; he tells Audrey that her father and brother have left the house and won’t be back for supper. Frustrated, Audrey insists that the servants should go to bed and that she will wait for her father in his study.

She sees that he has been reading a passage from Paradise Lost by John Milton, in which Satan realizes that hell is within him rather than outside of him because hell is his own mind. Audrey sees that the bookmark is her mother’s locket, and she puts it on. On the wall is a large portrait of her family’s ancestor Jonathan Nathaniel Wadsworth (after whom Nathaniel and Uncle Jonathan are named). Audrey rubs a spot of dirt off it, and the painting springs open, revealing a hidden passageway.

Audrey goes down the passageway and enters a secret laboratory filled with rotting specimens: Flesh is pulled tightly over a mechanical arm, and a heart in a case is being artificially pumped by a machine. She lifts the lid of a large box; inside is her mother’s decaying body onto which fresher pieces of flesh have been grafted. Horrified, Audrey quickly leaves the lab and runs into someone.

Chapter 28 Summary: “Jack the Ripper”

Audrey is relieved that it is Nathaniel, not her father. She breathlessly tells him that their father has done terrible things and that they need to go to Scotland Yard. Nathaniel seems dazed and exhausted. Suddenly, he grabs Audrey and forces her into a chair in the laboratory.

He gestures proudly around the room and produces a knife from his sleeve similar to the blade Uncle Jonathan guessed Jack the Ripper would use. Nathaniel moves the body of their mother onto a table as Audrey watches, aghast. Nathaniel explains that he intentionally drugged their father with laudanum, which fueled his opium addiction and distracted him from Nathaniel’s activities.

Nathaniel places the heart, attached to the pumping steam engine, in their mother’s chest cavity. He tells Audrey that he needs a bit of her blood to inject into their mother. Audrey, sickened, begs him to stop. He seems briefly convinced but then explains that they must continue.

Chapter 29 Summary: “Shadow and Blood”

Nathaniel ties Audrey up, allegedly for her own safety, as he removes a vile of blood from her. As Audrey pleads with him, their father arrives. Horrified, he orders Nathaniel to untie Audrey, which he does.

Audrey tells her father that she is going to Scotland Yard. Her father reminds her that if she does, Nathaniel will be hanged for his crimes. Audrey replies that her mother would want her to do the right thing, even if it is hard.

Suddenly, Thomas arrives. He explains how he deduced that Nathaniel was Jack the Ripper: He saw cut marks on his fingertips, which suggested that Nathaniel kept a knife in his sleeve.

Nathaniel insists on completing his experiment; he runs a volt of electricity through their mother as he thrusts the syringe of Audrey’s blood into her chest. The metal needle connects with the metal of the cage in her chest, and Nathaniel is electrocuted; he falls to the ground, dead.

Lord Wadsworth sobs, and Audrey screams in grief and horror.

Chapter 30 Summary: “Death to Life”

Nathaniel is buried next to his mother. Audrey struggles in the aftermath of the horrific night of discovering her brother was Jack the Ripper, and then watching him die.

Two weeks later, in Uncle Jonathan’s laboratory, Audrey saws open the head of a cadaver to inspect its brain while Jonathan and Thomas watch. A servant comes down to tell Audrey that her father is there; she assumes that he has come to take her home and goes upstairs resignedly.

She is shocked and thrilled when her father tells her that he regrets trying to keep her safe by controlling her; he is sending her to a forensic medical school in Romania with Thomas; it was Thomas’s idea.

Chapters 25-30 Analysis

The list of suspects continues to thin as the novel progresses, leading toward the climactic revelation of Jack the Ripper’s true identity. Thomas’s shock at being accosted by the bereaved family member cements Thomas’s innocence in Audrey’s mind: “He was interested in saving lives, not ending them” (263).

Although Audrey still suspects her father, Thomas categorically realizes that Lord Wadsworth is not Jack the Ripper after they follow him on the night of the last murder. With Uncle Jonathan in the clear, there are few characters left who could be the killer. Audrey’s discovery of the secret laboratory seems to conclude her father’s guilt, but instead, it reveals that Nathaniel is Jack the Ripper. His horrifying plan to reanimate their mother using Audrey’s blood was alluded to in Chapter 23. The medium’s ominous warning to Audrey that “Jack craves your blood” (241) seemed to imply that Jack the Ripper wanted to murder Audrey, but it actually foreshadowed Nathaniel’s plan to use Audrey’s blood in his experiment.

These chapters continue to feature Gothic motifs, most notably the Frankenstein-like corpse of Audrey’s mother: “[H]er gray flesh—a patchwork of decayed skin with pieces of new—glistened with a sheen of unnatural sweat” (289). Maniscalco even makes a direct reference to Frankenstein as Nathaniel and Audrey’s “favorite” (294) book, and Audrey notes that Nathaniel identifies with Dr. Frankenstein. Like Frankenstein, Nathaniel is obsessed with scientific progress but acts with little consideration of the moral implications of his actions as he attempts to bring a monstrous, sewn-together corpse to life. Audrey reflects, “[M]y brother was so lost to his own fantastical science and sense of justice that he totally missed the mark of what it meant to be human” (295).

In the romantic story arc, Thomas and Audrey’s relationship reaches an exciting climax in these chapters. They kiss passionately after they are accosted in the East End. Audrey says, “I wove my arms around his neck, drawing him closer. Before I wanted it to end, Thomas pulled back, kissing me sweetly one last time” (262). This event has been preceded by numerous almost-kisses and countless flirtatious and intimate encounters, which had the effect of building suspense toward this moment.

Though Audrey continues to question the extent of her feelings for Thomas after the kiss, in Nathaniel’s laboratory, her feelings become clear: “With a sudden jolt, I realized how much I loved him” (306). An engagement is implied between Audrey and Thomas soon after the novel’s action concludes, and it is implied that, unlike many unions of this era, Audrey and Thomas’s relationship will be one of equality and a shared passion for learning and science.

Women’s Roles in Late Victorian England is again explored in Lord Wadsworth’s choice to celebrate, rather than condemn, his daughter’s intelligence and curiosity. Audrey’s father comes to see the error in his attempts to shield his daughter from the world’s dangers. The atrocities Nathaniel commits make Audrey’s father realize that she cannot be protected by being kept at home. Instead, he chooses to recognize her autonomy by enrolling her in a school for forensic science. Audrey is freed from her metaphorical prison when her father acknowledges her agency and ability to change the world by giving her the chance to cure contagions, rather than keeping her locked away from them.

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